Carbonatite

Basanite

Carbonatite and Basanite

Carbonatite

Basanite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Carbonatite is intrusive or extrusive igneous rock which is defined by mineralogic composition, consisting of greater than 50 percent carbonate minerals

Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Tanzania

Unknown

1.2.3 Discoverer

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From any intrusive igneous rock, having a majority of carbonate minerals

From Latin basanites + -ite

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

2.1.2 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

2.2 Family

2.2.1 Group

Plutonic

Not Applicable

2.3 Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

3 Texture

3.1 Texture

Granular, Poikiloblastic

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

3.2 Color

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White

3.3 Maintenance

Less

3.4 Durability

Durable

3.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

81% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

81% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

3.4.4 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

86% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

86% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

3.4.7 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

66% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

66% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

3.4.8 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

49% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

49% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

3.4.9 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

48% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

48% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

3.5 Appearance

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Glassy or Pearly

4 Uses

4.1 Architecture

4.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

4.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

4.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Whetstones

4.2 Industry

4.2.1 Construction Industry

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories, Unknown, Unknown

Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points

4.2.2 Medical Industry

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

Not Yet Used

4.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Artifacts, Monuments

4.4 Other Uses

4.4.1 Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux

As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms

5 Types

5.1 Types

Not Available

Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite

5.2 Features

Available in lots of colors, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone

5.3 Archaeological Significance

5.3.1 Monuments

Not Yet Used

Used

5.3.2 Famous Monuments

Not Applicable

Data Not Available

5.3.3 Sculpture

Not Yet Used

5.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Not Applicable

5.3.5 Pictographs

Used

Not Used

5.3.6 Petroglyphs

Used

Not Used

5.3.7 Figurines

Not Yet Used

5.4 Fossils

Absent

6 Formation

6.1 Formation

Carbonatites are intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks which are defined by mineralogic composition consisting of greater than 50 percent carbonate minerals and are formed due to low degrees of partial melting of rocks.

Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.

6.2 Composition

6.2.1 Mineral Content

Ancylite, Apatite, Barite, Fluorite, Magnetite, Natrolite, Sodalite

Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase

6.2.2 Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Sodium Oxide

Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

6.3 Transformation

6.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

97% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

97% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

6.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

6.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

99% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

99% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

6.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

6.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

92% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

92% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !

6.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

7 Properties

7.1 Physical Properties

7.1.1 Hardness

7.1.2 Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

7.1.3 Fracture

Conchoidal

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal

7.1.4 Streak

White

7.1.5 Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

7.1.6 Luster

Subvitreous to Dull

Waxy and Dull

7.1.7 Compressive Strength

What Is Flint

⊕

▶

▼

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Obsidian

⊕

▶

175 (What Is Grani..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

7.2.2 Cleavage

Not Available

Non-Existent

7.2.3 Toughness

1.5

7.2.4 Specific Gravity

2.86-2.87

2.5-2.8

7.2.5 Transparency

Opaque

Translucent to Opaque

7.2.6 Density

2.84-2.86 g/cm³

2.7 g/cm³

7.3 Thermal Properties

7.3.1 Specific Heat Capacity

What Is Banded ..

⊕

▶

▼

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

0.74 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 19 (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Granulite

⊕

▶

1.09 (What Is Trave..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

8.3.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Water Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

9 Reserves

9.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

9.1.1 Asia

China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan

Not Yet Found

9.1.2 Africa

Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Uganda

9.1.3 Europe

Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain

9.1.4 Others

Greenland

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

9.2 Deposits in Western Continents

9.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

USA

9.2.2 South America

Brazil

Bolivia, Brazil

9.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

9.3.1 Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia

All about Carbonatite and Basanite Properties

Know all about Carbonatite and Basanite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Carbonatite and Basanite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Carbonatite is Granular, Poikiloblastic whereas that of Basanite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Carbonatite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated and Basanite appears Glassy or Pearly. The luster of Carbonatite is subvitreous to dull while that of Basanite is waxy and dull. Carbonatite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, pink, white colors whereas Basanite is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. The commercial uses of Carbonatite are an oil and gas reservoir, as a feed additive for livestock, gemstone, metallurgical flux and that of Basanite are as a touchstone, creating artwork, gemstone, in fire-starting tools, manufacture of tools, metallurgical flux, jewelry, to ignite fire, used in flintlock firearms.